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Semantic and phonological networks in older adults: A systematic scoping review
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Poster C19 in Poster Session C, Wednesday, October 25, 10:15 am - 12:00 pm CEST, Espace Vieux-Port
Victoria A. Diedrichs1, Erin L. Meier2, Stacy M. Harnish1; 1The Ohio State University, 2Northeastern University
The neural correlates of semantics and phonology have been studied extensively. However, reviews have largely focused on neurologically healthy young adults, emphasizing semantic or phonological networks, without consideration for their overlap. This scoping review specifically explores the interplay between the semantic and phonological neural networks in older adults to better understand the extent to which they may be distinct or overlapping. Following the PRISMA extension guidelines for scoping reviews, we carried out a systematic search strategy to identify relevant primary research journal articles. Thirty-eight studies were included in the scoping review, representing a range of populations (i.e., neurologically intact older adults, post-stroke aphasia, primary progressive aphasia, dementia, mild cognitive impairment, and Parkinson’s disease) and methodologies (e.g., task-based functional magnetic-resonance imaging, lesion-symptom-mapping), with sample sizes ranging from 11 to 1,231 participants. Based on the number of studies identifying relationships with a given region, we report gray matter regions and white matter association tracts that demonstrate potential for semantic or phonological specialization in older adults, as well as those that appear to play a prominent role in both networks. The regions identified are largely consistent with regions implicated in the semantic and phonological networks of younger adults, but we highlight potential differences. The results of this scoping review provide insight into the degree of separation between semantic and phonological networks in older adults, which may impact recovery for older adults with acquired communication impairments. A meta-analysis addressing this topic is a potentially valuable future direction and we make recommendations for such an analysis.
Topic Areas: Meaning: Lexical Semantics, Phonology