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Decoding bilingualism: Insights from resting-state oscillatory network organization
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Poster E33 in Poster Session E, Thursday, October 26, 10:15 am - 12:00 pm CEST, Espace Vieux-Port
Adolfo García1,2,3, Ileana Quiñones4, Manuel Carreiras4,5, Lucía Amoruso2,4,5; 1Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California San Francisco, United States, 2Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), University of San Andres, Argentina, 3Departamento de Lingüística y Literatura, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 4Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), Spain, 5Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Spain
Bilingual experience is known to shape resting-state connectivity, especially along language and cognitive control networks. However, little is known about the topological and frequency-specific signatures of this effect, precluding the integration of neurocognitive models of bilingualism and neuro-architectural accounts of experience-driven plasticity. To bridge this gap, we recorded resting-state MEG activity in highly proficient Spanish-Basque bilinguals and Spanish monolinguals and calculated topological network properties using graph theory analysis at canonical frequency bands. These features were jointly fed into a machine learning classifier to establish how accurately they discriminated between bilingual and monolingual individuals at a probabilistic subject-level. The multi-feature model showed robust classification (~90%) between individuals, mainly driven by node strength in delta (2-4 Hz) and beta (15-30 Hz) networks. These effects spanned fronto-parietal and temporal hubs implicated in cognitive control and linguistic processing. Complementary evidence from a multiple regression analysis showed that these top-ranked features better discriminating individuals during rest were also the most predictive of second-language proficiency and age of acquisition in the bilingual group. These findings suggest that the strength of connectivity in delta and beta oscillations, previously associated with interference suppression and language processing, respectively, is influenced by lifelong exposure to two languages. These results underscore the importance of incorporating subject-level, fine-grained oscillatory measures to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of bilingualism.
Topic Areas: Multilingualism,